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VLT/FLAMES spectroscopy of red giant branch stars in the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy

机译:Fornax矮星中红巨星分支的VLT / FLamEs光谱   球状星系

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摘要

Fornax is one of the most massive dwarf spheroidal galaxies in the LocalGroup. The Fornax field star population is dominated by intermediate age starsbut star formation was going on over almost its entire history. It has beenproposed that Fornax experienced a minor merger event. Despite recent progress,only the high metallicity end of Fornax field stars ([Fe/H]>-1.2 dex) has beensampled in larger number via high resolution spectroscopy. We want to betterunderstand the full chemical evolution of this galaxy by better sampling thewhole metallicity range, including more metal poor stars. We use the VLT-FLAMESmulti-fibre spectrograph in high-resolution mode to determine the abundances ofseveral alpha, iron-peak and neutron-capture elements in a sample of 47individual Red Giant Branch stars in the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy. Wecombine these abundances with accurate age estimates derived from the ageprobability distribution from the colour-magnitude diagram of Fornax. Similarto other dwarf spheroidal galaxies, the old, metal-poor stars of Fornax aretypically alpha-rich while the young metal-rich stars are alpha-poor. In theclassical scenario of the time delay between SNe II and SNe Ia, we confirm thatSNe Ia started to contribute to the chemical enrichment at [Fe/H] between -2.0and -1.8 dex. We find that the onset of SNe Ia took place between 12-10 Gyrsago. The high values of [Ba/Fe], [La/Fe] reflect the influence of SNe Ia andAGB stars in the abundance pattern of the younger stellar population of Fornax.Our findings of low [alpha/Fe] and enhanced [Eu/Mg] are compatible with aninitial mass function that lacks the most massive stars and with star formationthat kept going on throughout the whole history of Fornax. We find that massivestars kept enriching the interstellar medium in alpha-elements, although theywere not the main contributor to the iron enrichment.
机译:Fornax是LocalGroup中质量最大的矮球状星系之一。福尔纳克斯野外恒星的数量主要由中年恒星组成,但是恒星的形成几乎在整个历史上都在进行。有人提出,Fornax经历了一次小型合并事件。尽管有最新进展,但通过高分辨率光谱法仅对Fornax场星的高金属度端([Fe / H]>-1.2 dex)进行了采样。我们希望通过更好地采样整个金属度范围,包括更多的金属贫乏恒星,来更好地理解该星系的全部化学演化。我们以高分辨率模式使用VLT-FLAMES多光纤光谱仪,确定Fornax矮球状星系中47个单独的红色巨枝分支恒星样本中的几个α,铁峰和中子俘获元素的丰度。我们将这些丰度与准确的年龄估算结合在一起,这些估算值是根据Fornax的色度图得出的年龄概率分布得出的。与其他矮球状星系相似,Fornax的金属贫乏旧星通常富含α,而年轻的富含金属贫富星则缺乏α。在SNe II和SNe Ia之间的时间延迟的经典场景中,我们确认,SNe Ia开始对-2.0至-1.8 dex之间的[Fe / H]处的化学富集做出贡献。我们发现SNe Ia的发作发生在12至10 Gyrsago之间。 [Ba / Fe],[La / Fe]的高值反映了SNe Ia和AGB恒星对年轻的Fornax恒星种群的丰度模式的影响。我们发现低[alpha / Fe]和增强的[Eu / Mg ]与缺少最重恒星的初始质量函数和在整个Fornax整个过程中一直持续存在的恒星形成兼容。我们发现,尽管巨星并不是铁元素富集的主要贡献者,但它们仍在不断丰富星际介质中的α元素。

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